DNA damage and cellular abnormalities in tuberculosis, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Andréa Lúcia Gonçalves da Silva; Maribel Josimara Bresciani; Thaís Evelyn Karnopp; Augusto Ferreira Weber; Joel Henrique Ellwanger; João Antonio Pêgas Henriques; Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim; Lia Gonçalves Possuelo

doi:10.4081/mrm.2015.344

DNA damage and cellular abnormalities in tuberculosis, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Authors

Andréa Lúcia Gonçalves da Silva Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS
Maribel Josimara Bresciani Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS
Thaís Evelyn Karnopp Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS
Augusto Ferreira Weber Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS
Joel Henrique Ellwanger Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS
João Antonio Pêgas Henriques Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS
Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS; 4Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS
Lia Gonçalves Possuelo 2Department of Biology and Pharmacy, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS; Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/mrm.2015.344

Keywords:

Apoptosis,, Micronucleus,, Pulmonary diseases

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), Lung Cancer (LC) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) affect millions of individuals worldwide. Monitoring of DNA damage in pathological situations has been investigated because it can add a new dimension to clinical expression and may represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage and the frequency of cellular abnormalities in TB, LC and COPD patients by comparing them to healthy subjects.

Methods: The detection of DNA damage by a buccal micronucleus cytome assay was investigated in patients with COPD (n = 28), LC (n = 18) and TB (n = 22) and compared to control individuals (n = 17).

Results: The COPD group had a higher frequency of apoptotic cells compared to TB and LC group. The TB group showed a higher frequency of DNA damage, defect in cytokinesis, apoptotic and necrotic cells. Patients with LC had low frequency of chromosomal aberrations than TB and COPD patients.

Conclusion: COPD patients showed cellular abnormalities that corresponded to cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, while patients with TB presented defects in cytokinesis and dysfunctions in DNA repair that resulted in the formation of micronucleus (MN) besides apoptotic and necrotic cells. Patients with COPD, TB and LC had a low frequency of permanent DNA damage.